Klaytn’s Service Partners

Klaytn is an enterprise blockchain platform developed by South Korean internet provider Kakao. Its modular network architecture is designed to enable businesses to conveniently customize and operate their own service-oriented blockchains built atop Klaytn architecture. These autonomously operated subnetworks are called Service Chains, and provide the core of Klaytn’s enterprise-friendly ecosystem. The flexibility and customizability of these Service Chains means that any kind of web service can feasibly build on Klaytn, although the platform excludes projects centered on gambling or financial speculation.

The Klaytn mainnet launched in June 2019 and quickly attracted more than 40 Initial Service Partners (ISPs) covering a broad spectrum of industries and use cases ranging from entertainment and e-commerce to healthcare and finance. These ISPs span over a dozen countries of origin, and were selected based on the quality of their blockchain-based services and size of their existing user bases. Examples of ISPs thus far include Humanscape, a data marketplace that handles patient-generated health data; Atlas, a blockchain-based travel content and transaction platform developed by Chinese luxury travel company Zanadu; and REDi, a blockchain-based marketplace for new and renewable energy.

Klaytn’s BApp Ecosystem

Several of Klaytn’s ISPs also host BApps, or blockchain applications, on their respective Service Chains. Klaytn utilizes the term “BApp,” instead of the more widely used  “dApp” or “decentralized application,” because the platform does not obligate its app providers to run decentralized web services on their Service Chains. Even centralized BApps can interact with Klaytn’s public mainnet and benefit from its blockchain-enabled transparency and security.

The first batch of BApps was launched on the Klaytn mainnet in June 2019, which coincided with the introduction of several initiatives to encourage development on Klaytn’s BApp ecosystem. These initiatives included the Klaytn Hackathon, a virtual hackathon allowing developers to build useful projects on Klaytn’s public testnet, and Klaytn Horizon, which invited developers from around the world to build applications on Klaytn. In both cases, applicants were judged on their ability to deliver practical services and a user-friendly blockchain experience. The winners of the Klaytn Horizon tournament in 2019 received financial awards from a $1 million USD prize pool.

As of 2020, there were nearly two dozen BApps operating on Klaytn’s mainnet. Most of these BApps are entertainment-focused, with additional blockchain-enabled features such as collectible non-fungible tokens (NFTs). Every BApp uses Klaytn’s native KLAY coins as a medium of exchange to operate and charge for their services. KLAY coins are also rewarded to top-performing BApp developers at the discretion of the Klaytn Governance Council, which is made up of high-profile strategic partners such as LG Electronics and Celltrion. This provides developers with an additional income stream in addition to their profits from operating a successful BApp on Klaytn.

Klaytn’s Far-Reaching External Partnerships

In addition to its ecosystem participants, Klaytn has also attracted a number of established enterprise partners that have made a strategic choice to work with Klaytn to expand user base and reach. While most of these Ecosystem Partners are blockchain-focused organizations, others, such as Woori Financial Group (a Korean financial services holdings company) and BCW Group (a strategy consulting firm focused on traditional and digital payments), are more traditional businesses that seek to benefit from exposure to Klaytn’s ecosystem.

In addition to partnering with multiple cryptocurrency exchanges in an Ecosystem Partnership or Governance Council capacity, in May 2020, Klaytn announced a partnership with Chainlink, a decentralized oracle network. This partnership will help Klaytn build blockchain-powered applications capable of interfacing with traditional off-chain enterprise infrastructures and further its mission of widespread adoption and connection points with existing economies.

The Klaytn Improvement Reserve

In order to further reward Klaytn enterprise users and encourage ecosystem growth, Klaytn launched the Klaytn Improvement Reserve (KIR) in June of 2020. This program rewards strategic partners and ecosystem contributors who have made strides in enhancing Klaytn’s development environment or user experience. It will also fund a wide range of community initiatives and technological research and development. The KIR automatically receives a portion of the KLAY coins generated each time a new block is created on Klaytn’s mainnet. The specific use of these funds is determined via the Klaytn Governance Process.

The first partner to receive funds from the KIR was Ozys, a Korean blockchain service provider that has built a decentralized token swap tool on Klaytn called Klaytn Swap. It has also developed new features for Klaytnscope, a multifunctional block explorer that monitors block activity on the Klaytn platform. In addition to rewarding enterprise ecosystem contributors with KLAY through its Proof-of-Contribution (PoC) evaluation mechanism, Klaytn is currently exploring ways to apply PoC to incentivize and reward the end users on its platform.

As a blockchain network launched by an established telecommunications company geared towards enterprise products without a strict adherence to decentralization, Klaytn presents a unique proposition in the blockchain ecosystem. Klaytn’s model of molding its blockchain products to fit usability today, its large-scale partnerships with legacy companies, and its advocacy for enterprise blockchain tech have already proven fruitful. Now, the promising blockchain is working towards creating lasting value for all participants within its ecosystem and fulfilling its goal of seamless global blockchain adoption.

By cryptopedia

Polyswarm is a decentralized threat intelligence market that uses Ethereum smart contracts and blockchain technologies to operate. Polyswarm rewards fast and accurate threat intelligence about the malintent of files, network traffic, and URLs with exact economic incentives in the $8.5 billion anti-viruses and automated cyber threat intelligence arena. PolySwarm is a real-time threat detection ecosystem made up of businesses, consumers, providers, and security experts from all around the world. Experts create and fine-tune competing “micro-engines” that independently analyze the latest risks in order to surpass their rivals. Threat detection accuracy is PolySwarm’s “Proof of Work”: the market pays specialists who can best defend corporations and end-users.

PolySwarm will lower the barrier to entry, provide larger coverage options, discourage duplication of effort, and ensure interoperability among products and threat intelligence streams, compared to today’s ad hoc market.
PolySwarm is a skill-required variation on a prediction market2, with thousands of micro-engines (“workers”) exploring the latest in malware evolution at machine speed – no humans involved.
PolySwarm will be created by PolySwarm Pte. Ltd. utilizing funds raised via ERC20-compliant token sales.

PolySwarm (NCT) is a cybersecurity firm that assists individuals, businesses, and security teams in detecting and gathering information on new and evolving malware. PolySwarm crowdsources rival security software from antivirus vendors and specialist security professionals to broaden large corporations’ cyber threat coverage and prevention. PolySwarm’s token, Nectar (NCT), is facilitated on the Ethereum blockchain, and suppliers are economically compensated depending on accuracy.

PolySwarm, a crowdsourced threat detection firm, announced the launch of its mainnet in a tweet on Wednesday. The term “mainnet” refers to a blockchain that is currently in use, with active products, services, and coins.

PolySwarm Roadmap

V0.1 Alpha.

A “Bounty Manager” smart contract that keeps Bounty Amounts and Fees, receives Assertions, publishes Verdicts, and compensates accurate Experts is included.
Posting and retrieval of artefacts to and from non-PolySwarm storage (e.g. S3 and/or IPFS)
At Bounty expiration, a prototype method for picking Arbiters has been developed.
Bounty publishing, Assertion response, and Arbiter ground truth determination reference implementations.

V0.2 Beta

Offer Channels: Setup of distributed channels, multiple offers over a single channel, and NCT settlement at channel close
Offer production and response implementation as a model
Arbiter ground truth notification and response implementation as a reference
Smart contracts for fee collection and distribution
Investigate and quantify the level of confidence (in NCT) required for a given Artifact volume.
Bounties and Offers development toolkit: a test and implementation framework for Experts and Ambassadors to automate Bounties and Offers services.

V0.3 Gamma

Worker Description Language (WDL) describes artefact analysis capabilities and expert authorship attribution (for reputation) in a distributed, searchable registry.
Pre-deadline confidentiality Bounty Assertions
Finalize Selection of arbitrators, their responses, and the end-to-end process Feedback loop with a bounty.

V1.0 Stable

Prior to moving from the PolySwarm testnet (test tokens) to the real PolySwarm market, PolySwarm Stable will focus on fixing problems in PolySwarm Gamma.

The threat detection marketplace will use PolySwarm’s nectar (NCT) token, which operates on the Ethereum blockchain.
Here’s how it works: PolySwarm allows users to submit URLs or files to be scanned for malicious code that may be included in them. An automated engine then compares the user-submitted file to a list of other “safe” codes, determining whether it is malicious or not. Nectar tokens are used to conduct transactions for this service, and they are also rewarded to software partners and customers who use PolySwarm.

Security specialists will compete in the marketplace to spot dangers and defend users from them. Nectar tokens will be awarded to those who accurately identify risks. To access the marketplace, both sellers and buyers will require nectar tokens.

PolySwarm’s marketplace is home to over 55 engines, including Crowdstrike, Sentinel One, and Kaspersky. PolySwarm CEO Steve Bassi told CoinDesk that Microsoft and Verizon are among the company’s biggest customers.

The term “token” is tossed about a lot in the blockchain and ICO industry, and it can be difficult to tell them apart. While the distinctions are hazy and not yet defined, one thing is certain: the idea of employing the PolySwarm ecosystem’s utility coin, Nectar. You could be asking yourself, “What does that even mean?” Here’s all you need to know about Nectar, our token, and how it fits within the PolySwarm ecosystem.

Isolation of the Market Using Tokens (Nectar)
We elected to build our own utility token, Nectar, which will be utilized to power transactions within the PolySwarm ecosystem.

What we mean is that if PolySwarm participants transacted directly in Ether (ETH), Ambassadors would be incentivized to buffer a number of Enterprises’ artifacts until the value of ETH falls below a certain threshold, lowering the Ambassador’s Bounty placement cost and, as a result, increasing profit.
This self-centered approach may benefit the Ambassador in the short term, but it will result in a tragedy of the commons, in the long run, potentially producing gridlock due to delayed Bounties (or even delayed Assertions placed on Bounties).https://df36153b5d1145d2f26dcb7ee7002ad0.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html

We expect PolySwarm bounties to operate on day or week timescales, orders of magnitude longer than minute fluctuations in ETH value, when considering the ground truth feedback mechanism.

In a Nectar-based PolySwarm, on the other hand, we may set the price of Bounty placement (in terms of NCT required) irrespective of ETH price variations, allowing us to implement stability methods and reduce the return on micro timing decisions that would otherwise be perverse incentives.

The Challenges
The current environment is a market for silver bullets. Both buyers and sellers are in the dark: vendors have no idea what hazards they’re missing, and buyers have no way of distinguishing between sellers. As a result, the market settles for “best practices,” as defenders refer to them, and “cargo cult,” as adversaries refer to it.
In today’s market, overlapping coverage among competing items is rewarded. For all parties, this means duplication of expense and work.

Today’s market leaves no room for specialist knowledge, resulting in a loss in overall coverage. In today’s market, being able to detect esoteric threats is meaningless unless you can also detect WannaCry, which everyone can detect. There’s no need to apply if you’re in a niche.

Interoperability is not rewarded in today’s market, making combinatorial coverage impossible.

Consider the following Venn diagram depicting the panorama of dangers to businesses:

Antivirus A will cover a segment of this landscape (the left circle), whereas Antivirus B will cover a portion of the landscape that partially overlaps with A’s (the right circle). The black color depicts all of the dangers that both products overlook.

Because businesses can’t utilize both products, they must pick one that “best fits” their predicted danger profile and accept the risk of threats that are only guarded by one of the products:

PolySwarm is an attempt to decentralise the threat intelligence market in order to address these market flaws.
Developers can programme new markets using blockchain-based smart contracts (Ethereum today, Tezos tomorrow?). PolySwarm is a pre-programmed market with carefully crafted incentives that address the flaws and hazards of today’s ad hoc market.

CISOs will be able to get more sleep, and businesses will be able to acquire better protection for less money, thanks to a decentralised market. Here’s how to do it:

Participation obstacles are removed as a result of decentralisation. Security specialists from all over the world who are skilled at reverse engineering or can provide unique insight will be able to put their skills to use from the comfort of their own homes or wherever (and whenever) they wish to work. There was no HR department, marketing, or sales; it was just pure research.

Decentralization necessitates the use of open source software that is interoperable. Rules specified in smart contracts and enforced by the community must be followed when participating in the PolySwarm marketplace. Enterprises will no longer be obliged to select the “least worst” or “best fit” solution; instead, they will be able to mix and match intelligence that addresses their threat profile.

PolySwarm encourages threat detection accuracy. If you are a security specialist who detects badness better than your peers, your reputation precedes you. PolySwarm rewards only constantly evolving, precise threat detection, so as an enterprise, you can rest easy.

PolySwarm is a marketplace for specialist services. PolySwarm’s incentive structure promotes specialist threat detection disproportionately.

PolySwarm’s security specialists will be rewarded for standing out, dispersing talent throughout the threat landscape, tackling more dangers than is currently possible, and avoiding the overlap concerns that plague the industry today.

By NIsha Jain

Led by the former game director of Magic The Gathering: Arena, Gods Unchained is a free-to-play trading card game built on Ethereum. Designed for both casual and competitive play, players must strategically outsmart their opponents, earn cards and build decks to combat a wide variety of tactics. Unlike other games, players completely own their digital assets, giving them the freedom to trade, sell and use their cards any way they like – just like owning a real, tangible card.

This week, we sat down with the Gods Unchained team to learn more about what they are building, the GODS token, and recent traction. Let’s dive in.

1. To begin, what is Gods Unchained and how does it utilize the blockchain?

Gods Unchained is a free-to-play trading card game where players compete in epic duels using fantasy cards. The game is built to fundamentally change how games work; using Ethereum technology to bring true digital ownership to players, as well as provide the means to earn items that actually matter. Gods Unchained provides real ownership over in-game items by turning them into ERC-721 tokens/NFTs. Players gain the right to sell their items for real money, use them in Gods Unchained, and even embed them in third-party games and tools. This separates Gods Unchained from what’s offered in mainstream games.

2. Can you describe your target player(s)? What type of players and use cases are best suited to leverage Gods Unchained’s economy and ecosystem?

Gods Unchained reaches a global gaming audience. By combining triple-A gameplay with leading edge blockchain technology, our vision is to carve a new path for trading card games and gaming as a whole. This means we will be appealing to all types of users, including but not limited to:

• Traditional trading card gamers
• Play to earn gamers
• Digital TCG gamers
• Collectors
• General online gamers
• Influencers
• Creators

The trading card game (TCG) genre is a billion dollar industry ripe for disruption. The annual revenue of the digital trading card games market was $1.3 billion in 2017, and has only grown since then. Gods Unchained is set up and positioned to be this disrupting force.

3. Competition in the blockchain gaming space is heating up, with projects fighting for players. Who are Gods Unchained’s competitors and what differentiates Gods Unchained from these games?

At Gods Unchained, we don’t like to view other blockchain gaming projects as ‘competitors’ per se. There’s a larger movement going on here, with the entire industry working towards shifting the current paradigm experienced by gamers, whereby they don’t gain any inherent value from time spent playing.  What we believe will help us achieve this overarching mission is as follows:

1. Exciting gameplay: Helmed by Chris Clay, former game director of Magic: The Gathering Arena, Gods Unchained provides a dynamic and competitive experience with a strong focus on strategy. We have tens of thousands of players simply playing the game because it’s a fun game with great gameplay and mechanism that rivals similar mainstream titles.
2. True digital ownership: Gods Unchained provides real ownership over in-game items by turning them into ERC-721 tokens/NFTs. Players gain the right to sell their items for real money, use them in Gods Unchained, and even embed them in third-party games and tools. This separates Gods Unchained from what’s offered in mainstream games.
3. Play to Earn: To catalyze competitive play and stimulate engagement, players can earn meaningful currencies and items, including the ERC-20 $GODS token, by simply playing the game. The ability to earn tangible rewards serves as the key ingredient to supercharge our future growth.
4. An epic game economy: $GODS tokens are designed to exist at the heart of the economy, being used by players to purchase new card packs and chests, craft their own NFT cards, and earn staking rewards. By including $GODS in the key facets of the Gods Unchained experience, it creates a sustainable ecosystem where players have the economic freedom to earn from, and contribute to the economy.
5. Built to scale on Ethereum: Our integration with Immutable X allows for gas-free NFT minting and trading at scale with instant trade confirmation. This creates a massively improved user experience and enables the high volume trading of low cost assets, a key feature of Gods Unchained.

5. What is the inherent value and use case for Gods Unchained’s native token, GODS?

$GODS tokens are ERC-20 tokens designed to become the core in-game currency for Gods Unchained. Similar to existing in-game currencies, $GODS tokens will be rewarded to users through play, however unlike existing currencies $GODS will be scarce and tradeable.

The four main use cases of the $GODS token:

• Crafting new NFTs that are playable and tradable: Players are able to use $GODS tokens to craft new trading card NFTs that can be used in-game or traded on the marketplace.
• Staking: Staking rewards will be distributed to all users who qualify as active stakers. These rewards will be distributed from the Staking Rewards Pool, which consists of GODS tokens captured in the Gods Unchained store, the marketplace, and the Forge (The system where players craft new NFTs) .
• Purchasing Gods Unchained items: The GODS token can be used as partial payment for all purchases made in the Gods Unchained Store as well as for the marketplace fee. If the user opts not to use GODS for a payment or doesn’t have enough tokens to cover the fee, the 20% fee will automatically be swapped on the open market.
• Governance: Holding GODS enables users to participate in governance voting that relate to general Gods Unchained ecosystem development.

6. How will Immutable X enhance the player experience in Gods Unchained? How will it benefit the token-powered economy of the game?

As touched on before, Immutable X empowers Gods Unchained users to participate in gas-free minting and trading at scale, with instant trade confirmation. Since migrating the Gods Unchained to Immutable X in late June 2021, over 744,000 secondary NFT trades have been made between the community members, completely gas fee.

This creates a massively improved user experience, where any and all users can benefit from high volume trading of low cost assets, an option not possible before Immutable X’s solution was readily available. To go mainstream, we need to remove as many possible hurdles into the blockchain environment as possible, and Immutable X’s gas-free transactions help us achieve this goal.

7. Many crypto games have taken off thanks to their play to earn mechanics. How did your team go about creating your play to earn design and what user behavior are you trying to encourage?

With the introduction of the $GODS token, our teams are super excited about the future of play-to-earn for Gods Unchained.

As we are designing our upcoming play-to-earn system where players are able to earn $GODS from gameplay, there are a couple of key challenges that we are designing our system around:

1. Remain free to play: This is important to us as we believe that everyone regardless of who they are should be able to play our game and we know that many players are now playing Gods Unchained simply because they find the game super fun! Beyond this, we also are looking for ways to allow our free to play players to participate in our play to earn system.
2. Sustainability: Creating a sustainable play to earn game economy is challenging and there are important considerations to get it right. For us it is imperative that Gods Unchained provides a fun and engaging experience to players. It must never turn into a mindless click-frenzy game where players are performing a routine just to earn money. Our aim is to make a game that lasts for decades. Therefore we’re designing with a diverse audience in mind: Play to earn grinders, players who play for pure fun and players who value competitive gameplay. Our goal is for the ecosystem to capture enough value and equitably distribute it among all types of players so that the economy remains balanced.
3. Competitive gameplay: As we scale our play to earn system, we will continue to introduce additional ways for players to earn $GODS. This includes seasoning rank reward and potentially having regular global tournaments where players are competing against each other for a large prize pool.

8. How do traditional TCGs in game economies differ from blockchain/NFT based in game economies? How do you make sure that the in game market runs freely while keeping the game affordable to play?

In traditional card-in-hand TCG in-game economies, players are constrained by things like geographical location and accessibility. In digital TCG in-game economies, players have no way to earn value from their time spent playing, as they’re essentially just being granted permission to use the cards in-game by the game’s company. At any point, digital TCGs could revoke a user’s access to their cards, which is where the importance of the blockchain enabling true ownership comes in. Add on top of that that this lack of ownership means no digital TCG player can truly own their cards, and therefore can’t go on to sell these to earn value.

In regards to Gods Unchained, we’ve focused on creating an in-game economy that is accessible to everyone. Through simply playing the game for free, a user will be able to earn $GODS, fuse NFTs and extract monetary value. This puts the power in their hands, choosing to go on to use that value to purchase additional cards, or trade with their peers. In terms of keeping things affordable, the price points of the marketplace are determined by the users. The accessibility of this is regulated by them, as it’s in their collective best interest to make the game and its assets accessible to as many people as possible. The larger the community, the greater everyone’s success.

9. What blockchain gaming trends are you most excited about for the rest of 2021?

We’re particularly excited about what we’re seeing in regards to scholarship programs that are run by different play-to-earn communities and looking forward to exploring different ways that we can introduce a similar system to Gods Unchained in the future.

A “Scholarship” program is when an individual that owns multiple in-game NFTs (manager) allows a free-to-play player (scholar) to access their in-game NFTs. This allows Scholar to have access to a wide variety of in-game NFT which they can use in-game to earn tokens. The incentive for the manager is that they will be able to take a cut of the token earned by the scholar.

We are very excited about this, as it creates a whole new way for players to be involved in the ecosystem for Gods Unchained. There are folks in Gods Unchained with thousands of Gods Unchained NFTs, with a scholarship program, an additional utility is introduced to the NFTs and it gives our community a stronger reason to continue to build out their collection of NFTs, whilst giving our free-to-play folks a new way to access our future play-to-earn system with a variety of NFT decks to choose from.

10. What is the best way for the community to get involved with Gods Unchained?

You can join our Discord community www.discord.com/godsunchained or alternatively, follow us on twitter: www.twitter.com/godsunchained

Which products support GODS? 

	Send/Receive	Trading
Coinbase	✔	✔
Pro	✔	✔
Wallet	✔	✖️

What regions support GODS? 

	US	NY	CAN	EU	UK	DE	SG	JP
Coinbase	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️
Pro	✔	TBD	✔	✔	✔	✖️	✖️	✖️
Wallet	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✖️

Crypto to fiat trading pairs

	US	UK	EU
USD	✔	✖️	✖️
GBP	✖️	✖️	✖️
EUR	✖️	✖️	✖️

Note: Coinbase Wallet does not support direct bank transactions. You’ll need to transfer your crypto to Coinbase.com or send it to an external address in order to cash out.

Crypto to crypto trading pairs 

	USDC	BTC	ETH	USDT
GODS	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️

See the full list of countries that Coinbase supports for crypto-to-crypto trading.

Note: Only assets hosted on the Ethereum blockchain can be converted through the Coinbase Wallet mobile app at this time. Learn more about trading on Coinbase Wallet.

How many confirmations are needed for GODS?

GODS requires 35 network confirmations. Learn about transaction confirmations.

Which blockchain network hosts GODS?

GODS is hosted on Ethereum. 

What are the minimum and maximum withdrawal amounts?

Coinbase has implemented safeguards to ensure a healthy and efficient network both on-chain and through our platform.  

These safeguards include both minimum and maximum amounts for each cryptocurrency we allow customers to send through the blockchain. These amounts vary by asset and are subject to change.

By Deep Dive , Coinbase

Background 

Previously known as Fuel Games, Immutable created Immutable X to serve as a scaling solution for the blockchain giant Ethereum. 

Immutable’s co-founder, Robbie Ferguson, believes in the massive potential of NFTs, but their true power can only be tapped by making the minting process not only affordable but totally free for every digital asset creator. 

What Is Immutable X? 

Immutable X is the first layer 2 protocol in Ethereum that focuses on NFTs and features zero fees, instant trading, and a secure platform. 

It is also an open-source protocol that provides users with an opportunity to create and develop their decentralized applications, including marketplaces and games. In addition, Immutable X boasts 600x more TPS or transaction per second than any other Ethereum-based NFT marketplaces, which means that both users and gamers wouldn’t experience any interference within the platform. 

Immutable X Exchange 

Immutable X Exchange is the platform’s very own marketplace, even though it was named as an “exchange.”

It is a peer-to-peer platform that offers zero gas fees and 9,000 TPS speed, which is essential for gamers as every second counts, literally, in their gameplays because little delays or interference can cause major negative outcomes in their quests and game standings. 

The Exchange is valuable, not only for gamers but also for artists and traders as well, as it allows them to execute non-custodial trades. The beauty of these features is that it provides users with more power because it retains users’ ownership of their NFTs’ private keys. 

Moreover, the marketplace supports ERC-721 and ERC-1155, giving users an expanded choice and flexibility in managing their NFT assets.  

Immutable X Mint

Immutable X equips users with the capability for the creation and large-scale distribution of NFTs, and whether users mint a single or bulk item, the platform can execute all minting processes free from any charge. 

Also, NFTs that have been minted on Immutable X are immediately available to trade on the open market while maintaining the security provided by Ethereum. 

Immutable X Link 

Immutable X link serves as the user’s connection between their Immutable X key on the L2 exchange and their private key on the main blockchain of Ethereum. 

It has the same functions as the Ethereum wallet manager as it can also execute the same authentication and authorization functions inside the exchange. And after everything has been verified, they will then be transferred to the main blockchain.

Scalability and Security 

While scalability has always been technologically possible with blockchains, one major problem it creates is decreasing decentralization, therefore, compromising security. 

To deal with this problem, Immutable X and Starkware, a software that uses zero-knowledge with cryptographic proofs, have collaborated to increase the blockchain’s privacy and scalability. 

The Immutable X platform can seamlessly execute high-quantity batching of trades off-chain with users signing for the speedy process and all these transactions will then be put on-chain in a single proof that “squeezes” those trades into one transaction at a fixed gas cost. 

Gas fees exist, but Immutable X pays for these fees, making the process virtually free for users. 

Validity-Based Proof 

Using validity-based proof means that users’ assets cannot be traded without their authorization,  in other words, their virtual items can never be taken from them and this is the same security measure that Ethereum mainnet deploys for its platform. 

ZK Rollups: Immutable X’s Sidechain 

ZK Rollup is a Layer 2 option that bundles hundreds of transactions into one, which will then be separated by smart contracts to verify each transaction. 

Its advanced method significantly lowers the storage and computational demand in validating blocks, providing cost-efficiency and greener execution for blockchain transactions. 

It also uses a zero-knowledge proof method for publicly recording transactions on Ethereum and allows almost limitless scalability and quick transactions without giving up any aspects of its security. 

IMX Token 

IMX is Immutable X’s native utility token, an ERC-20 token specifically created to help increase the platform’s growth by providing rewards such as trading transactions and protocol adoption. These incentives are reserved for community members who are helping Immutable X become a scalable NFT ecosystem for Ethereum. 

The token, which has 2 billion supplies, provides platform users with the power to vote on the future path of Immutable X. But one important thing to highlight here is that the platform is not a decentralized autonomous organization, or DAO, which means that in the end, the final decision about Immutable X’s direction will still depend on the team. 

Also, its token is not issued by Immutable X itself but by an independent Token Foundation, which means that the team would not have the privilege to acquire part of the token distribution. 

The platform will soon release a staking reward pool, which would allow users to have an additional income stream by staking their IMX tokens. 

NFT Collections On Immutable X 

Moody Krows

Moody Krows is a collection of 10,000 images of randomly generated eye-candy crows that features creative outfits and aesthetic elements that describe their personality. It is also the first PFP collectible in Immutable X, which means that it allows buyers to use their regular MetaMask and ETH with zero gas fees. 

It will soon launch its “Krowmunity Wallet” which is designed to reinvest sales back into its platform to ensure longevity and continued benefits for every community member. 

The collection also has what it calls “Moody Pebbles,” which are rare collectibles with varying rarities and can be acquired by purchasing a Moody Krow NFT crow. The crows will then have to scavenge these pebbles inside their own metaverse, but NFT owners can passively get a pebble through drops. 

Landloot

Landloot is the first-ever project Launchpad on Immutable X, and all members will have the opportunity to vote for the projects they like to be launched on the platform, and in its mechanism, 1 NFT is equal to 1 vote. 

Aside from voting, members can also use their NFTs to help their favorite projects in other ways, which, in turn, would provide them with exciting rewards.

Landloot will leverage Immutable X’s marketing channel and software technology to aid third parties in launching projects on the platform. 

AstroBros

AstroBros is a collection of 10,000 space-themed muscled characters, and each possesses a unique combination of poses, backgrounds, accessories, and items, making each of them truly valuable. 

Just like the previously mentioned NFT collections, AstroBros also takes advantage of Immutable X’s capability to offer zero gas fees, and with this perk, collectors would certainly be encouraged to purchase more characters. 

One of the long-term plans of AstroBros is to increase its NFTs’ use cases, marketplaces where the muscled space-farers can be resold, and networks where it could operate. 

Which products support IMX? 

	Send/Receive	Trading
Coinbase	✔	✔
Pro	✔	✔
Wallet	✔	✖️

What regions support IMX? 

	US	NY	CAN	EU	UK	DE	SG	JP
Coinbase	✔	✖️	✔	✔	✔	✖️	✖️	✖️
Pro	✔	✖️	✔	✔	✔	✖️	✖️	✖️
Wallet	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✖️

Crypto to fiat trading pairs

	US	UK	EU
USD	✔	✖️	✖️
GBP	✖️	✖️	✖️
EUR	✖️	✖️	✖️

Note: Coinbase Wallet does not support direct bank transactions. You’ll need to transfer your crypto to Coinbase.com or send it to an external address in order to cash out.

Crypto to crypto trading pairs 

	USDC	BTC	ETH	USDT
IMX	✖️	✖️	✖️	✔

See the full list of countries that Coinbase supports for crypto-to-crypto trading.

Note: Only assets hosted on the Ethereum blockchain can be converted through the Coinbase Wallet mobile app at this time. Learn more about trading on Coinbase Wallet.

How many confirmations are needed for IMX?

IMX requires 35 network confirmations. Learn about transaction confirmations.

Which blockchain network hosts IMX?

IMX is hosted on Ethereum. 

What are the minimum and maximum withdrawal amounts?

Coinbase has implemented safeguards to ensure a healthy and efficient network both on-chain and through our platform.  

These safeguards include both minimum and maximum amounts for each cryptocurrency we allow customers to send through the blockchain. These amounts vary by asset and are subject to change.

By Sam Lee , Coinbase

The following is a note from our Chief Operating Officer Jon — at the launch of ShapeShift’s zero-commission trading strategy which leverages the FOX token.

Asthe world watched the ICO boom of 2017 and the proliferation of some interesting and many non-interesting tokens, many folks sat up and took notice. What people noticed the most were the huge price swings, the vast sums of money raised through these tokens long before anything was actually built, the proliferation of the words “token” and “blockchain” permeating throughout society, and a lot of warranted skepticism. Though, some of us, especially at ShapeShift, noticed something else. It wasn’t just the trading volumes, speculative price appreciation, and new fundraising model that was so interesting. What was far more interesting was what this Cambrian explosion of tokens made possible.

Since the birth of Bitcoin, the world has been watching a new asset class start to crawl and walk (we aren’t running just yet). Bitcoin grew from nothing to show the world that the mechanism behind how blockchain consensus works is pragmatically valuable and technically sound. What we thought was that a new type of money — and eventually a store of value — could exist electronically, powered entirely by sophisticated technology and the earned belief of its users. This exposed some of the magic underpinnings of how “money” and financial “value” works for many to see, who did not fully realize yet. But this wasn’t just a new type of money. It was a new asset class that broke many previously held definitions.

Sign up to trade for free with FOX in the ShapeShift Platform 🚀

A New Era for Crypto

As Bitcoin continued to mature, we saw the token explosion of 2017. For those who were paying attention, this was the continuing evolution of that magic spark that bitcoin lit. The explosion exposed the further magic (not just the underpinnings) of what we call “money” and demonstrated that this technology could allow for the creation of a plethora of entirely new, category-breaking assets called “tokens”.

That token explosion of 2017 created a snowball, rolling downhill towards the creation of previously impossible asset types and entirely new business engagement models. We’ve only scratched the surface of what is possible; with each development, the snowball has grown a little larger. In the vast scale of things, it’s still pretty small. There’s much more ahead to explore as it tumbles forward and gains further mass.

At ShapeShift, we started exploring some of these concepts in our very early days. Since 2014 we’ve maintained our thesis and philosophy that there would be many different, interesting blockchain assets in addition to Bitcoin and the world needed an easy way to convert from one to another. This thesis drove us to create the original ShapeShift conversion service. In 2016 we started exploring the idea internally of a ShapeShift token that would allow us to further explore the crypto frontier in ways impossible pre-token. The momentum of 2017 was a validation of this thesis, despite the excesses and misguided projects that came and went.

We watched and we waited, and through many internal discussions our potential token took many forms, culminating in what we are distributing to the world for the first time today: FOX token.https://cdn.embedly.com/widgets/media.html?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fembed%2FAnFkX6r32sY%3Ffeature%3Doembed&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DAnFkX6r32sY&image=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FAnFkX6r32sY%2Fhqdefault.jpg&key=a19fcc184b9711e1b4764040d3dc5c07&type=text%2Fhtml&schema=youtube

ShapeShift’s FOX Token

The FOX token is ShapeShift’s biggest leap into the frontier since the original creation of our service, though this will not be obvious immediately. We intend to push the limits of what is possible and what the world has come to understand regarding blockchain tokens. At its genesis, FOX will act in some ways like a loyalty token. Earn FOX by interacting with ShapeShift by actively trading (and other promotions over time). The more FOX accumulated the more benefits endowed to the users who hold them.

Loyalty tokens and programs are not a new concept, they exist all over the world in different forms: airline miles, cash back on a credit card, points at the supermarket or your favorite restaurant — and they, of course, exist in many forms already in the crypto world.Blockchain Tech in Loyalty ProgramsCan crypto innovations enhance the consumer experience?medium.com

What is new, however, is the way tokens let us approach the concept of a loyalty-based program. In particular, the FOX token will be one of the world’s first loyalty tokens that is a perpetual asset. What we mean by that is that unlike the vast majority of utility tokens currently out there, FOX will not require you to consume or spend it in order to receive its value. You get value simply by holding the asset. Starting at launch, this value is $10 of zero-commission trading per FOX every 30 days, and every user who joins our platform starts with 100 free FOX. This is not some nominal promotional value, this is perpetual and important value that the FOX holder receives; the ability to continually trade for free every month. This value does not disappear after using it, free trading replenishes on a rolling 30 day basis simply by continuing to hold FOX. It will do so as long as you hold FOX or until you transfer it somewhere else outside of your ShapeShift Platform account.You Can Now Trade Crypto for Free with ShapeShiftShapeShift now offers zero-commission crypto trading.medium.com

The Perpetual Nature of FOX

We think this perpetual nature of FOX is one of the key pieces that allows us to push the token frontier forward and explore yet another category-breaking asset class, that the world hasn’t quite seen before. FOX as a digital perpetual asset is not just a loyalty program, it’s not just a membership, it’s not just an exchange token, it’s all of these things, none of these things, and it sets a basic foundation for customer engagement that will evolve alongside our company.

One of the magic pieces of tokens is that they can take on a life of their own. All of their utility and use cases are not just determined by the creator and issuer, but by the community that forms around them and directly engages with them. Imagine if your Amazon Prime membership was a token that you could sell off to another person when you no longer wanted it, or airline miles were far easier to transfer among a marketplace, or a Costco membership that didn’t need to be renewed every year — but had perpetual value if you acquired it and could be traded among your friends. These are the types of use cases and situations that the advent of perpetual tokens makes possible.

In some ways, the difference between consumable and perpetual assets can be thought of in the context of renting or buying an apartment. When you are renting, you get the use of the place as long as you pay for it every month. At the end of your lease, the apartment goes back to its owner and you don’t get any of your money back. If you buy an apartment instead, it’s yours and you get the benefit of living there. If you don’t want to live there anymore, you can sell it to someone else who wants to buy it (or even rent it to someone if you want to keep it). The apartment may have gone up or down in value, but it’s yours and you get some value back by selling it.

The majority of tokens that have been seen in the blockchain world allow for some new way to explore this rent concept, like buying a token to get lower exchange fees (but you pay upfront and then it’s gone). With FOX and the evolution of perpetual tokens, we allow for something much closer to really buying and owning something. When you own FOX, you truly own it and it does not need to be burned, consumed, or sacrificed to receive value from it.

Many current models can be changed or looked at differently though this perpetual lense and it can be a push away from “rent-seeking” behavior, towards more experimentation with “ownership-seeking” behavior. This use case can be extended to many places and a single asset can end up having many uses. The important facet is that a new frontier of interesting perpetual utility assets can be opened up and explored. Bitcoin planted this seed, and we are further exploring one little branch of it. Our intention is for the FOX token to further demonstrate what’s possible.

A Token Evolution

We envision a whole world and a plethora of new tokens with perpetual natures and varied use cases. We think FOX can be one of the first examples given to the world of a perpetual utility token that can represent these various use cases. It doesn’t require an ICO, or speculative fervor or anything like that to create value. Instead, its value comes from the attributes it can endow its user simply by holding it (almost like a magical sword in a video game where you can upgrade and stack the powers it gives you). In my view, this is a form of magic and a type of magic the world will find endlessly fascinating.

With the creation and distribution of the FOX token, we peel back and expose a little more of the underlying magic of tokenized value creation. Perhaps this concept will resonate in the minds of other entrepreneurs, creators, and communities, highlighting what is possible in the evolution of new digital assets and tokens.

Which products support FOX? 

	Send/Receive	Trading
Coinbase	✔	✔
Pro	✔	✔
Wallet	✔	✖️

What regions support FOX? 

	US	NY	CAN	EU	UK	DE	SG	JP
Coinbase	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️
Pro	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✖️	✖️	✖️
Wallet	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✖️

Crypto to fiat trading pairs

	US	UK	EU
USD	✔	✖️	✖️
GBP	✖️	✖️	✖️
EUR	✖️	✖️	✖️

Note: Coinbase Wallet does not support direct bank transactions. You’ll need to transfer your crypto to Coinbase.com or send it to an external address in order to cash out.

Crypto to crypto trading pairs 

	USDC	BTC	ETH	USDT
FOX	✖️	✖️	✖️	✔

See the full list of countries that Coinbase supports for crypto-to-crypto trading.

Note: Only assets hosted on the Ethereum blockchain can be converted through the Coinbase Wallet mobile app at this time. Learn more about trading on Coinbase Wallet.

How many confirmations are needed for FOX?

FOX requires 35 network confirmations. Learn about transaction confirmations.

Which blockchain network hosts FOX?

FOX is hosted on Ethereum. 

What are the minimum and maximum withdrawal amounts?

Coinbase has implemented safeguards to ensure a healthy and efficient network both on-chain and through our platform.  

These safeguards include both minimum and maximum amounts for each cryptocurrency we allow customers to send through the blockchain. These amounts vary by asset and are subject to change.

By Shapeshift and Coinbase

COTI (COTI) is a token that powers COTI, a project that describes itself as a “DAG (directed acyclic graph) protocol optimized for creating decentralized payment networks and stable coins.” Coti uses Trustchain, a decentralized ledger that can process over 100,000 transactions per second, to power online and offline payments, loyalty payments, stablecoins, and more. Note: Coinbase currently only supports COTI running on the Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20).

COTI is a fintech platform that uses blockchain to run a range of products, including payment processing, financing, white label payment systems, loyalty programmes and cross-border remittance technology. Organisations can build their own payment solutions and digitise any currency to create so-called “stablecoins”, which are pegged to physical currency.

The COTI network is based on seven key elements of operating an effective payment infrastructure:

COTI was co-founded by Samuel Falkon, vice president of business development at COTI Group and chief revenue officer at online payment service provider Paywize, a COTI subsidiary that offers merchant credit card processing. Falkon is also the founder of Israel-based management consulting firm Gil Scott. COTI co-founder David Assaraf also co-founded Israel-based fintech start-up Frequants.

Developers at COTI are working in partnership with their peers at the Cardano blockchain and ADA cryptocurrency. Over the past few weeks it has announced several new partnerships and new merchants for the ADA Pay digital payment platform.

In December 2021, it announced a partnership with ADA Handle, an NFT-powered naming solution for the Cardano wallet address, in which the pair will “explore the possibility of allowing support for Handle address resolution directly within their ADA Pay platform”.

Later in December 2021, it was partnering with AdaSwap, an ecosystem aiming to establish the first decentralised exchange on the Cardano network.

Which products support COTI? 

	Send/Receive	Trading
Coinbase	✔	✔
Pro	✔	✔
Wallet	✖️	✖️

What regions support COTI? 

	US	NY	CAN	EU	UK	IE	DE	SG	JP
Coinbase	✔	✖️	✔	✔	✔	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️
Pro	✔	✖️	✔	✔	✔	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️
Wallet	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️

Crypto to fiat trading pairs

	US	UK	EU
USD	✔	✖️	✖️
GBP	✖️	✖️	✖️
EUR	✖️	✖️	✖️

Crypto to crypto trading pairs 

	USDC	BTC	ETH	USDT
COTI	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️

See the full list of countries that Coinbase supports for crypto-to-crypto trading.

How many confirmations are needed for COTI?

COTI requires 35 network confirmation. Learn about transaction confirmations.

Which blockchain network hosts COTI?

COTI is hosted on COTI and Ethereum. Note: Coinbase currently only supports COTI running on the Ethereum blockchain (ERC-20).

What are the minimum and maximum withdrawal amounts?

Coinbase has implemented safeguards to ensure a healthy and efficient network both on-chain and through our platform.  

These safeguards include both minimum and maximum amounts for each cryptocurrency we allow customers to send through the blockchain.

Minimum: 0.000000000000000001 COTI

Maximum: 1,141,553 COTI

By Coinbase , Nicole Willing

• Harvest Finance is a yield aggregator on Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain, and Polygon. The platform helps users to maximize the returns on their assets by depositing in various projects across the DeFi ecosystem.
• The platform allows users to stake their assets in the Harvest Finance vaults, while the protocol executes various yield farming strategies on their behalf, and receives staking rewards in return.
• FARM is Harvest Finance’s native utility token and is used in the following functions:
  • Staking: Users can earn FARM tokens as performance fee rewards when they stake their FARM tokens in the profit sharing pools.
  • Liquidity mining: Users can provide liquidity to LPs on other DEXs to earn liquidity mining rewards (i.e. SushiSwap) and a share of the DEX transaction fees. Users can further stake LP tokens in the Harvest Finance vaults to earn liquidity incentives paid in FARM.
  • Governance: FARM token holders can create and vote on governance proposals.
• Harvest Finance consists of the following major components working in conjunction:
  • Performance fee sharing: Users that stake FARM in the profit sharing pools are entitled to a performance fee taken from the yield farming strategies. The fees are used to buy back FARM tokens from the open market and rewarded to users that are staking FARM.
  • Auto-compounding: FARM tokens distributed to users are automatically collected and re-staked in the profit sharing pool to improve their returns. iFARM is issued as deposit receipt for auto-compounding, and it is an interest bearing FARM token.
  • fCASH: Enables users to take a loan without needing to sell iFARM. Users provide iFARM as collateral in return for fCASH, which can be swapped to stablecoins (i.e.USDC).
  • AmpliFARM: It is a token that is only rewarded in BSC pools, and it can be claimed immediately at 1:1 bFARM ratio or up to 4.18x depending on the staking period.
• The project took a fair launch approach, there were no pre-mine or investors. Instead, newly minted tokens are released and distributed weekly.
• As at August 11th 2021, the total supply of FARM is 639,925 and the current circulating supply is 606,355 (~94.75% of the total token supply).
• Learn more about the token distribution of FARM here.

What products support FARM? 
  Send/Receive Trading Coinbase            ✔      ✔ Pro            ✔      ✔
Wallet            ✔      ✖️

What regions support FARM?

	US	NY	CAN	EU	UK	DE	SG	JP
Coinbase	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✖️	✖️	✖️
Pro	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✖️	✖️	✖️
Wallet	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✖️

Crypto to fiat trading pairs

	US	UK	EU
USD	✔	✖️	✖️
GBP	✖️	✖️	✖️
EUR	✖️	✖️	✖️

Note: Coinbase Wallet does not support direct bank transactions. You’ll need to transfer your crypto to Coinbase.com or send it to an external address in order to cash out.

Crypto to crypto trading pairs

	USDC	USDT	BTC	ETH
FARM	✖️	✔	✖️	✖️

See the full list of countries that Coinbase supports for crypto-to-crypto trading.

Note: Only assets hosted on the Ethereum blockchain can be converted through the Coinbase Wallet mobile app at this time. Learn more about trading on Coinbase Wallet.

How many confirmations are needed for FARM?

FARM requires 35 network confirmations. Learn about transaction confirmations.

Which blockchain network hosts FARM?

FARM is hosted on Ethereum.

What are the minimum and maximum withdrawal amounts?

Coinbase has implemented safeguards to ensure a healthy and efficient network both on-chain and through our platform.  

These safeguards include both minimum and maximum amounts for each cryptocurrency we allow customers to send through the blockchain.

Minimum: 0.000000010000000000

Maximum: 2,500

By Binance and Coinbase

Rarible is a software allowing digital artists and creators to issue and sell custom crypto assets that represent ownership in their digital work. 

Of note, Rarible is both a marketplace for those assets, as well as a distributed network built on Ethereum that enables their trade without a middleman.

The tokens that creators generate on Rarible are known as non-fungible tokens (NFTs). Each NFT is unique, and unlike bitcoins (or other units of money), they are not interchangeable. This property is known as fungibility, which is why tokens on Rarible are called non-fungible. 

The first and best known example of NFTs is CryptoKitties, a game where virtual cats could be bought and sold. These NFTs could even “breed” with one another to create new cats with different attributes represented in their NFTs.

However, Rarible is proof NFTs have since grown beyond virtual cats. Examples of NFTs found on Rarible’s marketplace include digital artworks, memes and even parcels of virtual land.

Central to the platform is RARI, Rarible’s cryptocurrency. By owning RARI tokens, users can vote on proposals that affect the platform, moderate creators and curate featured artwork.

Who Created Rarible?

Rarible is a company founded by Alex Salnikov and Alexei Falin and based in Moscow. Salnikov has worked in cryptocurrency since 2013, while Falin previously co-founded a marketplace for digital stickers that can be used on chat platforms, according to his LinkedIn profile. 

In 2020, Rarible raised its first round of funding from the New York-based venture capital firm CoinFund, which has been one of the firms that is most confident about the growth of NFTs. 

It argues that NFTs represent a new way to own digital content, and that digital content will be a massive market in the years to come. 

How does Rarible Work?

Rarible is a marketplace aiming to link sellers (typically content creators such as digital artists, model creators or meme makers) with buyers who can select pieces they wish to purchase.

To turn their work into an NFT, creators must first “mint” a token using Rarible’s software. To do so, they fill out a form on the website and attach their image and other data, such as a listing price, that represents their work. 

The Rarible platform then creates a new token on the Ethereum blockchain. Similar to other tokens on Ethereum, the NFT can be transferred between wallets using Rarible’s software.

Rarible leverages the Ethereum blockchain to embed within an NFT’s code the full history of its owners and transactions. Of note, when a transaction goes through, both the buyer and the seller have to pay transaction fees that go to the Rarible network. 

Royalty payments

One interesting feature of NFTs is the ability to program royalties, or the rights to future cash flows, within these assets. This means that creators on Rarible can set a percentage of future sales and collect them automatically by issuing a token.

This is a major feature drawing creators to this technology, because unlike with traditional content platforms, NFTs can be designed to pay out royalties immediately. 

For instance, if a piece of digital art listed a 10% royalty, the creator would receive 10% of any consequent sale of that art.

Which products support RARI? 

	Send/Receive	Trading
Coinbase	✔	✔
Pro	✔	✔
Wallet	✔	✖️

What regions support RARI? 

	US	NY	CAN	EU	UK	DE	SG	JP
Coinbase	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✖️	✔	✖️
Pro	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✖️	✔	✖️
Wallet	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✖️

Crypto to fiat trading pairs

	US	UK	EU
USD	✔	✖️	✖️
GBP	✖️	✖️	✖️
EUR	✖️	✖️	✖️

Note: Coinbase Wallet does not support direct bank transactions. You’ll need to transfer your crypto to Coinbase.com or send it to an external address in order to cash out.

Crypto to crypto trading pairs 

	USDC	BTC	ETH	USDT
RARI	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️

See the full list of countries that Coinbase supports for crypto-to-crypto trading.

Note: Only assets hosted on the Ethereum blockchain can be converted through the Coinbase Wallet mobile app at this time. Learn more about trading on Coinbase Wallet.

How many confirmations are needed for RARI?

RARI requires 35 network confirmation. Learn about transaction confirmations.

Which blockchain network hosts RARI?

RARI is hosted on Ethereum. 

What are the minimum and maximum withdrawal amounts?

Coinbase has implemented safeguards to ensure a healthy and efficient network both on-chain and through our platform.  

These safeguards include both minimum and maximum amounts for each cryptocurrency we allow customers to send through the blockchain.

Minimum: 0.000000000000000001 RARI

Maximum: 6,050 RARI

By Kraken and Coinbase

Ribbon Finance (RBN) is an Ethereum token that governs Ribbon Finance, a decentralized finance protocol designed to generate yield by combining options, futures, and fixed income to improve a portfolio’s risk-return profile. RBN is the protocol’s governance token and can be used to propose and vote on the future of the platform.

What is Ribbon Finance?Ribbon Finance is a new protocol that creates crypto structured products for DeFi.Does Ribbon have a token?

Yes, we have a token. You can find more information about the $RBN Airdrop in the blog post. Be aware that there are scammers that have created fake Ribbon tokens and are actively distributing them on DEXes. Do not buy them. Official RBN address: 0x6123B0049F904d730dB3C36a31167D9d4121fA6B.What are structured products?Structured products are packaged financial instruments that use a combination of derivatives to achieve some specific risk-return objective, such as betting on volatility, enhancing yields or principal protection.What kinds of structured products does Ribbon have?Ribbon currently offers a high yield product on ETH which generates yield through an automated option strategy. Ribbon will continue to expand the product offerings over time, including community-generated structured products.What is the Theta Vault?

Theta Vault is a new product that automates a covered call strategy to earn high yield on ETH. The vault runs a covered call strategy and sells out of the money call options on a weekly basis for yield. You can read more about the strategy here.What Options Protocol does the Theta Vault use?Theta Vault currently uses Opyn’s infrastructure to mint and trade the options tokens on-chain. We chose Opyn because the protocol lets us create tokenized ETH options with custom parameters out of the box. This allows us to be flexible on the choice of strikes, expiries, and exchange method. What is the expected yield for the Theta Vault?

The yield is variable, but we expect it to be in the 20-30% range. We performed a backtest on the strategy throughout 2020 and 2021, and you can see the results here.

The yield in production will likely be lower due to transaction costs and so on, but we can expect something in the double-digit APY range.What are the risks of the Theta Vault?

The primary risk for running this strategy is that depositors could potentially give up upside in exchange for guaranteed yield. By selling a call option, users are basically promising to sell the asset at the strike price, even if it goes above it (a.k.a selling early). Because of this, if the price of the asset moves up significantly in a short period of time, it is possible for depositors to have “negative yield” on their ETH.

However, this only happens if ETH/USD appreciates significantly, so depositors will still be up in USD terms. The vault also sells call options that are very out of the money, which means there is a relatively low chance of the options getting exercised.

The smart contracts are audited by Peckshield, ChainSafe and Quantstamp. Despite that, users are advised to exercise caution and only risk funds they can afford to lose. Why do I need to give Theta Vaults approval to spend my assets?

On the Ethereum blockchain, wallets have full control over their ERC20 tokens. In order to let an application spend a wallet’s tokens, the user has to explicitly give permission to the application to spend them. This is what’s called an ERC20 allowance. Theta Vaults prompt users to approve an unlimited amount so that users do not have to re-approve the application on a subsequent deposit.

Which products support RBN? 

	Send/Receive	Trading
Coinbase	✔	✔
Pro	✔	✔
Wallet	✔	✖️

What regions support RBN? 

	US	NY	CAN	EU	UK	DE	SG	JP
Coinbase	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️
Pro	✔	TBD	✔	✔	✔	✖️	✖️	✖️
Wallet	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✖️

Crypto to fiat trading pairs

	US	UK	EU
USD	✔	✖️	✖️
GBP	✖️	✖️	✖️
EUR	✖️	✖️	✖️

Note: Coinbase Wallet does not support direct bank transactions. You’ll need to transfer your crypto to Coinbase.com or send it to an external address in order to cash out.

Crypto to crypto trading pairs 

	USDC	BTC	ETH	USDT
RBN	✖️	✖️	✖️	✖️

See the full list of countries that Coinbase supports for crypto-to-crypto trading.

Note: Only assets hosted on the Ethereum blockchain can be converted through the Coinbase Wallet mobile app at this time. Learn more about trading on Coinbase Wallet.

How many confirmations are needed for RBN?

RBN requires 35 network confirmations. Learn about transaction confirmations.

Which blockchain network hosts RBN?

RBN is hosted on Ethereum. 

What are the minimum and maximum withdrawal amounts?

Coinbase has implemented safeguards to ensure a healthy and efficient network both on-chain and through our platform.  

These safeguards include both minimum and maximum amounts for each cryptocurrency we allow customers to send through the blockchain. These amounts vary by asset and are subject to change.

By Ribbon Finance and Coinbase